References

14 CFR part 91; Continuous Descent Final Approach (AC 120-108); Risk Management Handbook (FAA-H-8083-2), Airplane Flying Handbook (FAA-H-8083-3), Instrument Flying Handbook (FAA-H-8083-15), Instrument Procedure Handbook (FAA-H-8083-16), Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge (FAA-H-8083-25); Terminal Procedures Publications, IAP, Aeronautical Information Manual

Knowledge

The applicant demonstrates understanding of:

• 1) Procedures and limitations associated with a nonprecision approach, including the differences between Localizer Performance (LP) and Lateral Navigation (LNAV) approach guidance.
• 2) Navigation system annunciations expected during an RNAV approach.
• 3) Ground-based and satellite-based navigation systems used for a non-precision approach.
• 4) A stabilized approach, including energy management concepts.

Risk Management

The applicant is able to identify, assess, and mitigate risk associated with:

• 1) Deviating from the assigned approach procedure.
• 2) Selecting a navigation frequency.
• 3) Management of automated navigation and autoflight systems.
• 4) Aircraft configuration during an approach and missed approach.
• 5) An unstable approach, including excessive descent rates.
• 6) Deteriorating weather conditions on approach.
• 7) Operating below the minimum descent altitude (MDA) without proper visual references.

Skills

The applicant exhibits the skill to:

• 1) Accomplish the nonprecision instrument approaches selected by the evaluator.
• 2) Establish two-way communications with ATC appropriate for the phase of flight or approach segment, and use proper communication phraseology.
• 3) Select, tune, identify, and confirm the operational status of navigation equipment to be used for the approach.
• 4) Comply with all clearances issued by ATC or the evaluator.
• 5) Recognize if any flight instrumentation is inaccurate or inoperative, and take appropriate action.
• 6) Advise ATC or the evaluator if unable to comply with a clearance.
• 7) Complete the appropriate checklist.
• 8) Establish the appropriate airplane configuration and airspeed considering meteorological and operating conditions.
• 9) Maintain altitude ±100 feet, selected heading ±10°, airspeed ±10 knots, no more than ¾ scale CDI deflection, and accurately track radials, courses, or bearings, prior to beginning the final approach segment.
• 10) Adjust the published MDA and visibility criteria for the aircraft approach category, as appropriate, for factors that include Notices of Air Missions (NOTAMs), inoperative aircraft or navigation equipment, or inoperative visual aids associated with the landing environment, etc.
• 11) Establish a stabilized descent to the appropriate altitude.
• 12) For the final approach segment, maintain no more than a 3⁄4-scale deflection of the CDI, maintain airspeed ±10 knots, and altitude, if applicable, above MDA, +100/-0 feet, to the Visual Descent Point (VDP) or Missed Approach Point (MAP).
• 13) Assess if the required visual references are available, and either initiate the missed approach procedure or continue for landing.
• 14) Use a multi-function display (MFD) and other graphical navigation displays, if installed, to monitor position, track wind drift, and to maintain situational awareness.
• 15) Use single-pilot resource management (SRM) or crew resource management (CRM), as appropriate.