References

14 CFR part 61; Risk Management Handbook (FAA-H-8083-2), Airplane Flying Handbook (FAA-H-8083-3), Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge (FAA-H-8083-25); Navigation Charts

Knowledge

The applicant demonstrates understanding of:

• 1) Pilotage and dead reckoning.
• 2) Magnetic compass errors.
• 3) Topography.
• 4) Selection of appropriate:
  • a. Route
  • b. Altitude(s)
  • c. Checkpoints
• 5) Plotting a course, including:
  • a. Determining heading, speed, and course
  • b. Wind correction angle
  • c. Estimating time, speed, and distance
  • d. True airspeed and density altitude
• 6) Power setting selection.
• 7) Planned calculations versus actual results and required corrections.

Risk Management

The applicant is able to identify, assess, and mitigate risk associated with:

• 1) Collision hazards.
• 2) Distractions, task prioritization, loss of situational awareness, or disorientation.
• 3) Unplanned fuel/power consumption, if applicable.

Skills

The applicant exhibits the skill to:

• 1) Prepare and use a flight log.
• 2) Navigate by pilotage.
• 3) Navigate by means of pre-computed headings, groundspeeds, and elapsed time.
• 4) Use the magnetic direction indicator in navigation, to include turns to headings.
• 5) Verify position within three nautical miles of the flight-planned route..
• 6) Arrive at the en route checkpoints within five minutes of the initial or revised estimated time of arrival (ETA) and provide a destination estimate.
• 7) Maintain the appropriate altitude ±200 feet and heading ±15°.